The Bulgarian theorist Tzvetan Todorov believed that the majority of films followed a similar structural standard, which he defined in five parts and dubbed the ’cause effect’ pattern.

1. At the start of the film, there is a state of equilibrium aka there are no problems.

2. There is a disruption to the equilibrium.

3. There is recognition that there has been a disruption.

4. An attempt is made to repair the damage caused by the disruption.

5. The original equilibrial calm is restored.